HDPE composite with hybrid reinforcement as wear resistant material for 3D printing
Piotr Olesik
Quarterly No. 4, 2025 pages 268-275
DOI: https://doi.org/10.62753/ctp.2025.05.4.4
keywords: wear resistance, HDPE, glassy carbon, FDM, 3D printing
abstract This work examines the influence of fused deposition modelling (FDM) and hybrid reinforcement with glassy carbon (GC) and nano alumina (n-Al₂O₃) on the wear behaviour of HDPE composites. The composites containing only n-Al₂O₃ showed the highest wear and unstable friction due to dominant abrasive mechanisms. The GC-filled HDPE exhibited reduced wear, associated with carbon transfer film formation. The hybrid GC/n-Al₂O₃ composite demonstrated a synergistic effect, combining surface hardening with self-lubrication, which markedly reduced wear and stabilized the coefficient of friction. Although the FDM-printed samples had higher wear rates than the compression-moulded ones, their coefficients of friction remained similar. The results highlight that hybrid reinforcement can effectively suppress abrasive wear and improve the tribological stability of FDM-processed HDPE composites.